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Direct linkEllis, Rod; Roever, Carsten – Language Learning Journal, 2021
This article presents a review of research that has investigated ways of measuring implicit and explicit knowledge of a second language (L2), focusing on grammar. It begins by defining implicit and explicit knowledge in terms of a distinguishing set of criteria. Two ways of investigating implicit knowledge are discussed -- through experimental…
Descriptors: Grammar, Second Language Learning, Metalinguistics, Psycholinguistics
Download full textVellenga, Heidi – TESL-EJ, 2004
The textbook is the center of the curriculum and syllabus in most classrooms; however, rarely does it provide enough information for learners to successfully acquire pragmatic competence. This paper reports on a qualitative and quantitative study of 8 English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks to determine…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Speech Acts
