Reviews four groups of research: (1) effects of pictures on children's reading comprehension; (2) effects of pictures on comprehension and accuracy; (3) effects of titles on comprehension; and (4) effects of titles and pictures on comprehension and accuracy. Important findings are that pictures and titles are not uniformly effective in all…

This paper reviews evidence that meaningful learning is facilitated by several imagery eliciting strategies including pictorial stimuli, concrete verbal stimuli, and imagery instructions. The review focuses on the conditions under which imagery eliciting strategies facilitate memory for prose or expository texts rather than for more simple…