Merit pay programs for educators--sometimes referred to a "pay for performance"--attempt to tie a teacher's compensation to his/her performance in the classroom. While the idea of merit pay for classroom teachers has been around for several decades, only now is it starting to be implemented in a growing number of districts around the…

A review of the literature over the past decade reflects substantial changes in rewards, incentives, and sanctions used with college faculty. These changes parallel changes in the public sector generally. Increasing emphasis on formal evaluation and on use of money as an incentive and reward for performance is noted. (MSE)

This paper reviews selected literature pertaining to merit pay, differentiated staffing, and incentive pay programs. The first section reviews the history of these alternatives to the single salary schedule, beginning with an account of two experimental merit pay plans in the early 20th century. During the 1920s, merit pay plans gave way to the…

The purpose of this paper is four-fold. Following a brief review of recent policy recommendations, two failed attempts to restructure teacher compensation, merit pay, and career ladders are reviewed. Second, research-based recommendations for new approaches to restructuring teacher compensation are synthesized. Next, based on one of these…

The status of efforts to achieve equality for women faculty members in higher education is considered. The method used by Jessie Bernard in "Academic Women" is replicated: presenting a wide variety of studies pertaining directly or indirectly to faculty women and then suggesting larger trends indicated by the findings. In addition, interviews were…

In order to determine whether methods of job analysis and classification currently used are biased by traditional sex stereotypes or other factors, a committee assessed formal systems of job evaluation and other methods currently employed in the private and public sectors for establishing the comparability of jobs and their levels of compensation.…

Teacher compensation systems, particularly the merit pay plan, are discussed in this paper. The introduction offers a historical overview of incentive compensation programs and presents the policy issue--whether or not merit pay plans contribute to school effectiveness. The single salary system is described in the next section, followed by a…

The development and impact of recent actions by the University of California, the California State University, and the California Maritime Academy to enhance recruitment and retention of engineering faculty are examined. In addition, national data on engineering faculty salaries and incentives are summarized, based on 1982 findings of a California…

Reviews recent literature on women faculty in higher education, specifically at two-year institutions. Indicates that women are often marginalized because they serve in lower-level and untenured slots, are concentrated in a few disciplines, are paid less than men in similar positions, and are outside the informal and formal socializing networks.…

Using data from previous comprehensive studies of incentive pay plans, this report draws conclusions about assessing and implementing various incentive pay plans. Following a brief history of incentive pay plans from 1908 to 1983, an analysis of accumulated research is provided that shows the reasons why incentive pay plans for teachers have…

This paper provides an overview of the development of the school-personnel administrator role. It first describes the influence of the science-management and human-relations movements and the behavioral sciences on personnel administration and human resource management. It next discusses the role of the personnel-performance-appraisal system and…

Older women, who comprise two-thirds of the retired U.S. population, share substantially less of the $1.3 trillion worth of over 800,000 private and public pension plans by every way of measurement. Of the one-in-five women receiving pension income, some obtain it from their own paid work history, while others are widows and divorced women who…

Providing information on the issue of merit pay for teachers, this booklet covers reasons for adopting merit-pay programs, examples of such programs now operating, definitions of types of programs, indications of why some programs have failed, and steps for developing a successful program. Noting the lagging pay of teachers and inadequacies of…

This publication presents six primary tools employers can use to narrow or eliminate pay gaps in their workplaces. After each tool is a discussion of the problem and examples of "best practices" by employers that have won the Department of Labor's Opportunity 2000 and EVE (Exemplary Voluntary Efforts) awards. The report is divided into six tools:…

Developments in education, employment, and the courts concerning the status of women are covered in this newsletter issue. Topics include the following: a 1972-1980 study which found that women faculty may not be advancing at the same pace as male faculty members; approval of actions to enhance affirmative action by the Board of Regents of the…