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One Justified Criticism Plus Three Flawed Analyses Equals Two Unwarranted Conclusions: A Reply to Retherford and Sewell.
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Zajonc, R. B.; And Others – American Sociological Review, 1991
Responds to "Birth Order and Intelligence: Further Tests of the Confluence Model" by Robert D. Retherford and William H. Sewell. Reviews their arguments and suggests that their analyses of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study data support rather than contradict the model. (CJS)
Descriptors: Birth Order, Intelligence Differences, Longitudinal Studies, Mathematical Models
A Note on General Intelligence and the MA Deviation Concept.
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Spitz, Herman H. – Intelligence, 1981
Persons representing the extremes of intelligence cannot be included in the same study unless they are approximately equated on mental age, in which case the relative performances of the extreme groups can provide useful information about the nature of intelligence. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Intellectual Development, Intelligence, Intelligence Differences, Intelligence Tests
Birth Order and Intelligence: Further Tests of the Confluence Model.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Retherford, Robert D.; Sewell, William H. – American Sociological Review, 1991
Confluence theory was developed to explain the negative effects of birth order on intelligence. Using aggregate, between-family, within-family, and paired-sibling data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, tests the mathematical form of confluence theory and finds no support for it. Suggests that statistical methods used to fit the model to the…
Descriptors: Birth Order, Goodness of Fit, Intelligence Differences, Intelligence Quotient