Adolescence is known as a sensitive and vulnerable period of human development. Given the sensitivity of this period for girls as future mothers and the importance of mental health in fulfilling the femininity and motherhood roles, it is required to attend to the psychological status of adolescent girls. Therefore, a thematic analysis-based study…

Concerns have been raised related to the intersection of gender and diagnosis, particularly with respect to biases in diagnoses made according to the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (4th ed., text rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000). The authors review the literature on the prevalence of diagnoses by gender, sex…

This paper explores direct and symbolic forms of survivors confronting their abusers via a review of the current literature and the self-report of 12 female survivors, post-therapy. Six of the survivors had chosen to directly confront their abusers and six had not. Their experiences and opinions are presented with a discussion of important issues…

Considers whether women experience sex discrimination in counseling and whether an adequate solution to experienced sex bias is counseling with the same sex counselor. Concludes that there is little evidence that male counselors are more subject to bias than female counselors. (Author)

Gender role stereotypes are rigid beliefs in and applications of expected roles to almost all females and males. Female gender roles often include being expressive, communal, weak, emotional, caring, dependent, and working in traditional occupations. Educationally, women's appropriate roles serve to limit their future choices. Married women are…

Last decade has seen some major impacts of feminism on institution of psychotherapy regarding theories, treatment techniques, and assessment instruments. Changes in attitudes toward women as therapists and as clients have reflected general advances of women's movement. Presented at American Psychological Association Convention, Toronto, Canada,…

Gove suggests higher rates of mental illness among women can be linked to their societal role, particularly marital role. Johnson calls for examination of relationship between sex roles and emotional problems. Gove replies that Johnson's response is ideological, but they are in agreement on many issues. (HLM)

Literature pertinent to sex discrimination in educational and vocational counseling is reviewed. Among factors contributing to inequitable counseling are sex role socialization that clients bring to counseling, sex role attitudes and biases of counselors, deficiencies in counselor training, and shortcomings of tests used in counseling practice.…

The papers in this section are a review of the literature related to counseling women. They review documents on the history of sexist helping practices. Together, they reveal the need for a systematic intervention by the helping professions to rectify potentially inadequate, inappropriate, or damaging treatment of women in counseling. (Author)

This document is part of a series designed to help counselors and counselor educators consider their knowledge of and attitudes toward the sex-limited status of women. This guide, written to help counselors increase their knowledge of and sensitivity to sex bias, presents a brief discussion of the issues relevant to counseling women and girls,…

Surveys some of the representative literature reflecting attitudes and practices imposed on women addicts or female members of drug/alcohol abusing family systems. Explanations based on a study of healthy family systems are given with interpretations anchored in cultural rather than sexist phenomena. (Author)

Sometimes angry girls abuse the staff who seek to help them. Explores why maltreated girls may act abusively to their staff and provides strategies for professionals to avoid burnout and maintain a positive, therapeutic demeanor even in the face of challenging behavior. (LSR)

Some blatant forms of sex discrimination in education have been recognized and addressed in the last decade or so. However, judging both by graduate level counseling textbooks commonly in use and by counselor-educator and counselor-trainee behaviors commonly in practice, enlightenment about the potentially debilitating effects of language is still…

Identifies some of the obstacles in the nontraditional career choice and implementations process of women. Counselor bias and client attitudes are crucial factors, as are physical strength, co-worker relations, and mathematical ability. Suggests ideas for neutralizing these obstacles and maximizing the chances for success. (Author)