This article reviews the theories and literature in intrahousehold financial decisions, spousal partners and financial decision making, family system and financial decision process, children, and financial decisions. The article draws conclusions from the literature review and discusses directions for future research and educational programs. Most…

The belief that educational leaders need to be ethical decision-makers is recent. Thomas and Bainbridge suggest that an educational leader needs to develop technical competency in ethical leadership. Yet few leaders in schools have been trained in conflict resolution of an ethical nature and little importance has been given to this within existing…

A literature review revealed little empirical research on forgiveness, suggesting the need for a model of forgiveness. The work of both E. M. Pattison and L. B. Smedes was used as a foundation upon which a model was developed involving a four-stage decision making process. The four stages of forgiveness are awareness, change, interaction, and…

The importance in Japan of group identity, the Japanese approach to decision making, and the way in which the Japanese avoid conflict and build consensus when making a decision are characteristics of Japanese interactions that are critical for Americans to understand in order to communicate successfully with the Japanese. Those who would be…

There are four strategies spouses may attempt to employ in cases of conflict: authority, control, influence, and manipulation. Rates of marital dissolution are a function of the relative equality between spouses in terms of the types of conflict-resolution strategies they are able to employ. (Author)

Virtually everyone involved with forensics has, at one time or another, seen or heard references to debate teams or squads as "groups." Many questions concerning the label "group," however, exist. A brief examination of definitions of the term group by scholars in the field of small group communication confirms that T. M.…

This paper is based on the assumption that the educational administrator is the mediator in policy development. The author sees the administrator as caught between two conflicting approaches to policy-making--one characterized as "rational" and the other as "political." In attempting to deal with this dilemma and with the dilemma of shrinking…

This article discusses conflicts that arise between teachers and administrators due to the role system of the schools and reviews research on the necessary ingredients for cooperative conflict resolution and collaborative decision making. (SJL)

The author has developed a treatment manual that has integrated technical cognitive-behavioral training in resolution of conflicts, from a social focus and in a group format. This intervention model includes: discussion and practice of the necessary components for the effective resolution of conflicts, making of decisions, identification of signs…

To provide a theoretical base for investigating the influence of inferential error on group decision making, current literature on both inferential error and decision making is reviewed and applied to the Watergate incident. Although groups tend to make fewer inferential errors because members' inferences are generally not biased in the same…

The need to manage resources effectively and the high turnover rate of administrators have prompted several universities to implement academic leadership training programs. Leadership training techniques include the development of problem-solving and decision making skills, communication and interpersonal skills, and conflict resolution, resource…

The multidimensionality of the power concept has been more systematically explicated, but research efforts continue to be primarily concerned with decision-making outcome. Perhaps the documented patterns of slightly husband-dominant, though increasingly shared or equalitarian, decision making reflect a change in normative expectations rather than…

Various theoretical approaches for explaining both the timing and focus of educational reform efforts, are discussed. Both national-level and world-system explanations as well as some suggestions for combining the contributions of both levels of analysis are examined. Additionally with respect to both levels of analysis, explanations from…

Researchers who have attempted to study the functioning of the jury in the United States have been hampered by the absolute confidentiality of jury deliberations. Research methodologies have tried to circumvent this difficulty by using simulated juries, and have focused largely on the influence of the social status of jurors during deliberations.…

Reviews research on the politics of education at the school site level in three areas: public participation in decision making, allocation of scarce resources, and resolution of actual or potential conflict. Suggests future directions for research. (Author/JM)