Since 2009, the Swedish Government uses an "audit" agency--the Swedish Schools Inspectorate--to monitor and assess the accuracy with which teachers grade student responses on national tests. This study explores the introduction and subsequent establishment of the Inspectorate's regrading programme as an example of political management of…

This study investigates the current practices in higher education institutes and gap reduction between Industry and Academia. This study is based on literature review. Its objective is to review the current practices in higher education institutes and point out gaps. This reduced gap will balance demand and supply of graduates to industry and it…

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of universities and other institutions in successful entrepreneurship. Insights are obtained following a literature review approach. Case studies from the United States (New York startup), Spain (Mondragon), and Germany provide strong evidence that universities are very instrumental in the creation,…

Purpose: Large-scale collective action is necessary when managing agricultural natural resources such as biodiversity and water quality. This paper determines the key factors to the success of such action. Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper analyses four large-scale collective actions used to manage agri-environmental resources in Canada and…

Purpose: To examine the role of power in interactive policymaking settings. Design/Methodology/Approach: A literature study is combined with four case studies relating to citizen participation in natural resource management and rural development in the Netherlands. Findings: Many of the identified problems and dilemmas of interactive policymaking…

Developing countries face many obstacles in the process of implementing inclusive education (IE). Effective use of assistive technologies (AT) can help governments in developing countries achieve inclusive education by helping children with disabilities in schools. Despite the importance and positive impact of AT, prior research on the use of AT…

The second in a two-part series, this volume presents 13 chapters discussing many of the most pressing cable policy issues facing local government, describing alternative policy options, and suggesting regulatory procedures successfully used by decision makers in the United States. Topics covered are (1) "The Rationale for Regulation,"…

The roles of the state, the parent, the United States Supreme Court, and the child in the decision-making process relating to medical treatment of minor children are outlined and analyzed in four articles. Several case studies, recommendations and opposing viewpoints are presented. (Author/JAC)

Reviews school-choice literature, highlighting empirical studies and the role of evaluation. Discusses the welfare economics of education and provides a chronology of research milestones. Summarizes "pro" and "con" arguments, addresses efficiency/productivity questions, reviews prominent U.S. cases, and discusses how evaluation studies can assess…

This paper offers a broad look at accreditation and quality assurance in higher education and how these issues are addressed around the world. Section 1 is an overview of accreditation and addresses the aims and objectives of accreditation, standards, accreditation bodies, stages of the accreditation process, the quality of that process, the role…

It is suggested that while recent studies of European countries' responses to retrenchment in higher education have provided good information, the experiences are not directly comparable. More can be learned by examining the experiences of additional countries, making comparisons with earlier research, and expanding the original studies' scope.…

This paper argues that the United States Supreme Court's 1978 "FCC v. Pacifica Foundation" decision, in which the Court held that broadcasters must refrain from transmitting unseemly language at a time of day when children are most likely to be in the audience, has created a perilous dilemma for broadcasters: how to accommodate a child's…

This paper presents a literature review on governance and structure of higher education and a case study of a governance review in Nova Scotia (Canada), paying particular attention to the role of intermediary bodies between universities and governments. Types of governing structures are described. Issues in determining the ideal structure are then…

The current status and problems of the voluntary nonprofit sector in American society, the development of voluntary associations and accrediting activities, and changing relationships between the federal government and the voluntary sector are examined, as are varied types of organizations and brief case studies. The current status of the…

Based on the results of informal surveys conducted by each of four Technical Assistance Centers and several surveys and studies addressing the availability and use of computers and microcomputers in education, this paper examines the accessibility of computer technology to disadvantaged students in Chapter 1-assisted instructional programs. A…