An infusion of federal funding and philanthropic support for high schools has generated an unprecedented number of educational reforms. Still, few initiatives confront the unique conditions facing black males. Despite efforts to reform ineffective schools and foster academic achievement for all students, a lingering gap exists between affluent and…

This longitudinal study of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders builds on the research of Solorzano, who examined Ogbu's caste theory of educational attainment. When gender, socioeconomic status, locus of control, parental college aspirations, and academic achievement were controlled, this study found that African American youths' level of educational…

This paper discusses the work of five scholars who sought to establish a literature about gifted African-American children--Horace Mann Bond, Lillian Proctor, A. Janet Terwilliger, Martin David Jenkins, and Viola Theman. The paper also discusses the social milieu in which the scholars worked and possible reasons for the neglect of their research.…

Discusses societal changes that may have contributed to increasing average achievement levels (especially in mathematics) for Black students. Considers the long-term beneficial effects of school desegregation. (GC)

Attention to the discrepancy between female progress and male declines among Blacks in higher education detracts from the larger issue of the effects of racism on all Blacks' educational opportunities. Argues for an Afrocentric perspective on the crisis in higher education. Calls for analysis of sex-related achievement differences among Blacks.…

Examines three categories of theories on educating disadvantaged students in ghetto schools: institutional deficiency, developmental deficiency, and cultural deficiency. The discussion focuses on problems and solutions within the schools and society. It stresses the need for community commitment, social change, and strong leadership to help…

Examines individual, family, and community factors identified in the literature as affecting achievement, attainment, and aspiration among African-American youth in junior and senior high school. In considering the complex interactions between achievement and attainment, it is necessary to review ways that achievement is measured and the…

Demographic trends show an increase in the number of Black and Hispanic students in the United States, whereas the number of minority teachers is decreasing. This paper explores possible causes of this phenomenon, its implications, and some alternative responses aimed at improving the situation. Cultural isolation on college campuses and state…

Shared cultural backgrounds and norms about how to use language can influence classroom interactions for minorities, including African Americans. Research finds serious problems when teachers' interactional styles differ from that of students' home communities. The differences can prevent full student participation and limit academic progress.…

This review examines African American students' access to science and mathematics education, their status and achievement in these fields, factors influencing achievement, and strategies to address the current situation. African Americans are highly underrepresented in the scientific and technical fields. This situation should be corrected because…

Research shows that the minority/white achievement gap is real and is having devastating effects on youth and society. However, school leaders can influence certain educational causes and correlates (like teacher qualifications and expectations). Programs must be individualized, and narrowing the achievement gap should become a national priority.…