A review of literature regarding the communicative approach to language teaching discusses achievements and problems with this approach, language learning and the social self, speech and cognition, and reactive and proactive initiative. The need to develop language learning environments which will enhance proactive initiative and self-reliance in…

Addresses issues involved in the acquisition of English as a foreign language (EFL) outside of the classroom and the conflict this often creates with English learned within the classroom. Some suggestions for development of future EFL syllabi are made to ensure the creation of effective, relevant resources. (Author/CB)

Two studies of elementary, intermediate, and advanced second language learners indicated that involuntary rehearsal of second languages ("Din in the Head") is more frequently experienced by elementary and intermediate students and much less prevalent among advanced students, suggesting that the phenomenon is related to language…