Developing countries spend hundreds of billions of dollars each year on schools, educational materials and teachers, but relatively little is known about how effective these expenditures are at increasing students' years of completed schooling and, more importantly, the skills that they learn while in school. This paper examines studies published…

The aim of this report is to review current research studies on how school infrastructure affects children's learning outcomes and to identify key parameters that can inform the design, implementation, and supervision of future educational infrastructure projects. At the same time, this document also aims to identify areas where the evidence is…

This study makes a comprehensive review of the situation of student loans schemes in Mauritius, and makes recommendations, based on best practices, for setting up a national scheme that attempts to avoid weaknesses identified in some of the loans schemes of other countries. It suggests that such a scheme would be cost-effective and beneficial both…

Findings of a study that explored how California school reforms are initiated and revised and how differences between the judicial and legislative areas affect policymaking are presented in this document. Two themes--financial reform and retrenchment--are examined at two levels: as a case study about the politics of school finance reform and also…

In June 1990, after 9 years of court battles, the state supreme court had found that New Jersey's school finance system was inequitable and had to be changed to better support children in urban schools. This book details the reasons behind the reform and its effects and tracks the impact of the reform from its dollar effects on fiscal equity in…

This book is intended for the nonexpert in finance who has a public administration background. It opens with a broad introduction to public finance administration and how this job is related to public budgeting, the practice of public-sector accounting, and the economic concepts of money and value. Issues surrounding public revenue, its sources,…

This book describes the growth and operation of for-profit colleges and universities, tracing their development and exploring their advantages and disadvantages. The chapters are: (1) "Confessions of a For-Profit Dean"; (2) "The Players"; (3) "The History of For-Profit Education in the United States"; (4) "The…

The past year witnessed cases involving the constitutionality of tax credits and tax deductions for expenses incurred by parents whose children attend nonpublic schools. The constitutionality of state school finance programs continued to be questioned, and several cases involving funds for the education of handicapped children also were decided.…

Although the law has been the vehicle for launching school-reform efforts, little attention has been paid to the ways in which legal mechanisms enable or constrain effective school reform; however, law-based school reforms (lawsuits, regulations, statutes, and collective-bargaining provisions) have not changed the fundamental character of the…

Modern American medical education has its roots in the mid-nineteenth century when the idea of medical practice as an assortment of independent private ventures became institutionalized, and when the wealth of the industrial revolution led to the adoption of German standards of academic medical research. These events set the stage for our…

This monograph describes the system of higher education in the United Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The preface points out that despite perestroika, two features of Soviet education persist, a high degree of unity and centralization and a close link between higher education and employers. Chapter 1, "Historical Overview," begins…

This book reevaluates the role of the British University Grants Committee (UGC) and its effectiveness from 1919 to 1989. The UGC was the machinery for funding British universities and played a key role in shaping the British university system. The book proceeds on a thematic rather than chronological format. Chapter 1 considers the relationships…

Cases related to school finance, in which decisions were handed down in 1982, are reviewed in this chapter. It is observed that the constitutionality of existing state school finance programs was upheld in New York, Colorado, and Georgia, and that litigation was prevalent in the areas of taxation for schools and uses of school revenue. Issues…

This, the third annual yearbook on higher education law, provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of all state and federal court cases involving higher education reported during 1978. The chapters have been authored by individuals who are experts in higher education law and specialists in the particular topics of their chapter. The chapters…

This book examines ways to meet the educational needs of families. The volume is divided into three parts. Part 1 draws together the opinions and aspirations of parents and the general public on issues ranging from curriculum to classroom violence. Using the goals presented in part 1, part 2 reveals which approaches to schooling have been…