As part of a larger study, researchers collected campus codes prohibiting hate crimes, which were then reviewed to determine whether the codes presented constitutional problems. Based on this review, the authors develop and present a model policy that is content neutral and does not use language that could be viewed as unconstitutionally vague or…

Discusses a 1986 appeals court decision which held that the St. Cloud State University (Minnesota) teacher education program may not allow students to satisfy their student teaching requirements in parochial schools. The court held that such a policy would violate the first amendment prohibition against "an establishment of religion."…

Over the years the Supreme Court has given academic freedom a special First Amendment status. This study reviewed a selected group of recent cases at public universities, focusing particularly on several where rulings were based either on a professor's public comments or in-class verbiage, in an attempt to assess the current status of academic…