The popularity of digital badges has been accelerated in recent years. Advocates of digital badges suggest their use may improve students' motivation and achievement, but existing empirical studies have failed to show consistent results. Furthermore, to date, no meta-analysis has been conducted on the topic of digital badges. Given this gap, the…

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the challenges associated with the integration and implementation of blockchain technology in the education sector. The primary objective is to identify and categorize these challenges using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, shedding light on the technological, organizational and…