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Adair, John G.; And Others – Review of Educational Research, 1989
A descriptive analysis of research practices and a meta-analysis of control group effect sizes are used to address Hawthorne effects in educational experiments. The analysis of 86 studies and 256 treatment/Hawthorne/no-treatment control group effect size comparisons indicate that artifact controls have limited utility in dealing with the Hawthorne…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Educational Experiments, Educational Research, Effect Size