This anthology of Spanish-language documents is designed to help Mississippi teachers integrate language, literature, history, and culture into their classroom content. Beginning with Columbian voyages to the new world, these documents attempt to help students and teachers to see the various impacts the European encounter left on Mississippi. The…

Presents an historical survey of Spanish language and educational policy in California highlighting those factors which may account for the present survival of the Spanish language. The role of education as an instrument of societal integration is examined in terms of its impact upon the Chicanos' language and educational achievement. (JMF)

Covering a 500-year span, this article traces the changes in and evolution of the Spanish language from its earliest written accounts in the eleventh century to the Spanish that was brought by the Conquistadores to the New World. (DS)

Hispanics may share a language, a religion, and a similar culture, but they are not a homogeneous group. They are from many different countries, with different histories and ethnicities. This booklet describes the situation of Hispanic Americans, the fastest growing minority group in the country. The largest group of Hispanics in the United States…

In the latter half of the nineteenth century five Chicano "bandidos" became prominant in Southwestern history. These "social bandits" were viewed by the dominant Anglo culture as outlaws and criminals; their people saw them as heroes and fighters for justice. Anglos had invaded Northern Mexico, disrupted the existing society,…

For over 400 years, Hispanic psychologists have been making significant contributions to the development of psychology as a science and to its application in solving social problems. Work by Hispanics in Spain, Latin America, and the U.S. is reported chronologically in a Hispanic perspective of the history of psychology. (SB)

The first settlements in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, were the 14th century Tewa Indian Pueblos, autonomous socio-economic units based on agriculture. Similar Hispano villages were founded by colonists beginning in the late 16th century and continuing to the early 19th century, when the Chama Valley was used increasingly as a trade route. After…

From 1914 to 1919 El Cosmopolita--a Spanish language newspaper in Kansas City--served as an organ of ethnic unity and cultural reinforcement for the immigrant Hispanic community, carried news from Mexico, pushed the agenda of the Constitutionalists in the Mexican Revolution, and advertised the Anglo owner's Mexican businesses. (SV)

Traditional definitions of American literature generally include only that literature which grew out of the English enterprise in America; few concessions have been made to other ethnic elements in the literary history of this country. But as British literary roots flourished in new American soil, so did their Hispanic counterparts to yield a…

This collective biography offers insight into the more famous and infamous women in Mexico's history and weaves the tale of how their ways and deeds have shaped both a culture and a nation. The book starts with the conquest and ends with the twentieth century, outlining the lives of Mexican women and their causes. The women described in the book…

Provides a biography of Augusto Cesar Sandino (1895-1934), a key figure in modern Nicaraguan history,and discusses the organizational and ideological foundations of his movement. An annotated bibliography of 58 works by and about Sandino is included. (MES)

In the early twentieth century, children were prohibited from speaking Spanish. Thus, female teachers, as enforcers of the rules, reproduced the social relations found in society and legitimized and perpetuated class and ethnic stratification. By doing so they separated themselves from Hispanic women. (Author/NQ)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of bilingual education programs in Peru. The first part of the paper consists of a general discussion of Peruvian history and the problem of native language suppression under Spanish colonialism and, later, a Spanish dominant independent government. Educational policies and the…

Puerto Rican roots stem from the ethnic mixture of Indians, Europeans, and Africans. This article describes the advent of each of the groups on the island, the historical and cultural impact each made, and the retention of heritage among Puerto Rican migrants to the U.S. (DS)

Discusses the history of the Spanish language in America and notes the influence of Caribbean languages, Nahuatl, and English on Spanish. Describes the archaisms in lexicon, phonology, and grammar of the Spanish of New Mexico and Colorado. Discusses Spanish language maintenance in Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the United States. (SB)