Argues for the importance of understanding women's roles in newspaper families by re-examining the beginnings of Southern California's Otis-Chandler dynasty in terms of the activities of Eliza A. Otis, wife of the Los Angeles "Times" publisher Harrison Gray Otis. (MM)

Lists references from biographical dictionaries, encyclopedias, books, and periodical literature that deal with the scientific achievements of women in the areas of physics and astronomy. This bibliography indicates where material can be located on the lives and contributions of these women scientists. (CS)

Describes the life and career of Sarah Goddard, who ran a Providence, Rhode Island, printing business between 1765 and 1768; shows how she transformed a failing business into a profitable one and how her commitment to printing as a community service surpassed that of her more famous son. (GT)

The rise to prominence of the women's suffrage movement in the World War I years brought women reporters into U.S. newsrooms for the first time. In 1911 Emma Bugbee became the first woman hired as a "hard" news reporter for the "New York Tribune" (later the "Herald Tribune"). Ishbel Ross, author of "Ladies of the…

Addresses these questions: (1) how has the National Vocational Guidance Association/National Career Development Association (NVGA/NCDA) implemented commitments for extending equity in career development planning and services to all individuals; (2) how do biases exist as major obstacles to equity in career development; and (3) what should be…

The position of caretaker of a school is a many-sided and an important one, and the matter of his selection, supervision, and training have hardly been given the attention they deserve. There have been, in recent years, some valuable local studies in this field, but no survey of national scope has been attempted since 1922. The importance of the…

The little known Bryn Mawr Summer School for Women Workers in the 1920s is an example of the marginalization of women in adult education. Its story, focusing on women as adult students and as makers of social change, enriches the history of the field. (SK)

In the early 1900s, researchers at the Harvard College Observatory conducted an astonishing amount of astronomical research. A handful of women were integral to this research. Describes the professional lives and scientific findings of five of these women scientists at Harvard to inspire students. Classroom activities are included. (PVD)

The Women's National Press Club (WNPC) existed in Washington, D.C., from 1919 to 1971 primarily because the National Press Club (NPC) refused to admit women. The WNPC offered mutual support in the face of male hostility. Women were virtually cut off from news sources; 20 women had Capitol press gallery privileges in 1879, but they were effectively…

Model for looking at the position of women in librarianship and other female-intensive professions consists of three parts: needs of emerging progressive or welfare state with its ever-growing list of activities; prevailing gender system in progressive America; and adjustments required to accommodate tensions between the first two. Forty-four…

During the final years of the nineteenth century, among the leaders of the American Froebelian kindergarten movement were three dual-career couples who exemplified the concept of egalitarian marriage: John Kraus and Maria Kraus-Boelte, William and Eudora Hailmann, and Ada Morean Hughes and John Hughes. This paper focuses on the way these six…

This paper investigates the paid employment of mid-nineteenth century women, especially female heads of households, in two West Virginia cities. During this period, Wheeling was a large industrial city and major transportation center, while Morgantown was an isolated college town. An examination of census entries and city directories for Wheeling…

American stereographs of the late 19th and early 20th centuries are discussed in the context of the Victorian stylized stereotype of women which they so graphically capture. Stereograph cards and early motion pictures from the Library of Congress were the major sources studied. Stereograph cards were as ubiquitous in their time as television is…

Recounts events that led to the firing of Mary L. Jones, Director of Los Angeles Public Library (1905) and caught in public crossfire such figures as the mayor, city council, library board of directors, Charles Lummis (Jones's replacement), Susan B. Anthony, Anna Shaw, Herbert Putnam, and Melvil Dewey. (29 references) (EJS)

The fifth in a series of innovators in the teaching of elementary school science, this essay outlines the contributions of Florence Billig (1890-1967). (CS)