This textbook is the third volume of the second series of the "All-Over-the-World Library" in which the voyage of the ship, Guardian-Mother, is temporarily suspended at Alexandria, while excursionists make their trip up and down the great river of Egypt in another steamer more suitable for inland navigation. One young lady, and the…

Joining African religion with Catholicism, women of northeastern Brazil re-enact century-old ceremonies. When forced to practice Catholicism, Afro-Brazilians assimilated their concepts of forces into the belief in Christian saints. Sisterhoods and brotherhoods in Brazil were underground manifestations of religions native to Africa. (VM)

The Black anthropologist, Vera Mae Green, is featured in this analysis of the concept of soul as applied to African-Americans. Music and dance are used to express soul in cultural context. But soul is also a force, an energy which encompasses the Black experience and makes Black culture persevere. (VM)

Presents histories and descriptions of two major public library collections of Afro-Americana and Africana: the Vivian G. Harsh Collection of Afro-American History and Literature (Chicago Public Library); and the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture (New York Public Library). Fifteen references are listed. (Author/MES)

Discusses the effect of liberalism on the African understanding of education, community, and religion. Describes ways in which the European intrusion, that is, colonial governments, schools, and churches, undermined traditional African life and thought. (DM)

Describes the discovery in Swaziland of the oldest iron mining site known. Before this evidence that it was Africans who discovered iron mining and smelting around 42,000 B.C., it had been believed that the knowledge of iron originated in the Middle East between 550-1500 B.C. (GC)

In the epicenter of the political strife in South Africa is former African National Congress (ANC) leader Nelson Mandela. The ANC is considered to be the leading source of opposition to white rule in South Africa, and Mandela is one of the most revered and powerful figures to emerge from that organization. Incarcerated for over 25 years on charges…

From the fourteenth through the sixteenth centuries, the University of Sankore at Timbuctoo was the intellectual center of Africa. The life of Ahmed Baba, last chancellor of the university, is an example of the range and depth of West African intellectual activity before the colonial era. (Author/MC)

Analyzes the elements of ritual and spirit possession in African religious traditions and compares them with similar elements in Afro-American cults and churches. (Author)

The perception and organization of time are basic to the internal ordering of culture. This article demonstrates that the Akan observe precise time structures although these are largely unrecorded. Their time related institutions form a coherent system that orders life, but they are very different from those in Western perceptions. (Author/VM)

An examination of historical developments in western Africa during six climate periods extending over two millennia, this study demonstrates that numerous historical developments correlate with climate periods and/or were influenced by changes in rainfall patterns and ecological conditions. These include such diverse topics as the diffusion of…

In 1868, Africatown was established in Mobile and Prichard, Alabama, by members of the last cargo of slaves brought to the United States. The community deserves recognition as a National Historic District because it is one of the few places in America where most residents can collectively trace their lineage to a group of pure Africans. In its…

Black popular music has its roots in African music that was a way of preserving history. A brief social and cultural history traces black popular music in the United States, focusing on the music blacks listened to, rather than just the music blacks played. (SLD)

The following instruments for measuring Black personality use the world view and cultural orientations of Africa have been developed and are described: (1) the Black Personality Questionnaire; (2) the Black Preference Inventory; (3) the Black Opinion Scale; (4) the Themes of Black Awareness Test; (5) the Themes Concerning Blacks Test; and (6) the…

Discusses the diverse cultures in Africa, and the effects of colonization by the French, English, and Portuguese. Explores how culture is used for political purposes in emerging African nations and as a tool for rewriting a past misinterpreted by colonial powers. Discusses issues of cultural pluralism in African countries. (JS)