Examines schooling on the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Reservation in southwestern Oklahoma, 1871-1915. Focuses on the difficulties of holding school on the reservation, government policies aimed at "civilizing" the Indian, the gap between policy rhetoric and reality, and ways in which Indian students resisted cultural destruction while…

Presents a historical perspective on school restructuring, looking at New York City's unique reform; policy discourse and trends in practice; late nineteenth-century diversity; reorganization from 1900-50; challenging basic assumptions in the 1960s; back to basics in the 1980s; long-term structural trends in public schools; and education reform…

Discusses stated federal goals for education and poverty reduction from the 1960s to President Bush's 1990 State of the Union message and the continued failure to meet these goals. Observes that educational innovations of the past quarter century have done little to stimulate achievement. (DM)

Outlines several ways of looking comparatively at democratic educational systems. Examines narratives of democratic education in American educational history; nation-building as a primary policy objective; and conceptual weaknesses of the model of elite, mass, and universal education. Sees current trends toward educational efficiency and quality…

Traces the history of usage of two indigenous languages of Scotland: Gaelic, used largely in the Highlands, and Scots, which developed in parallel with English and is often unrecognized as a separate language because of mutual comprehensibility. Examines changing attitudes toward these languages in educational policy and practices, and current…

Reexamines the origins of America's community colleges to include the leadership contributions of local residents, members of civic associations, and elected school trustees. These new histories will emphasize the influence of broad national forces such as industrialization and egalitarianism in stimulating student demand and public support for…

This article examines elementary education policy and practice in one county--Hertfordshire--and concludes that it falls into none of the neat categories of parsimonious or generous, progressive or reactionary, or even broadly Labour or Conservative. Aspects of county policy and practice would, no doubt, incur their approval or condemnation in…

This chapter briefly describes the kinds of educational research centers active in France and the types of research they are conducting, then focuses on developments in the field of educational research from 1930 to the present and on the impact research has had on policy and innovations in recent years. In the section on history it is noted that…

Public education has been and continues to be subject to a variety of conflicts, among them busing for racial balance and the search for an equitable process of financing education. This paper reviews some of the literature and documentation of educational conflicts. Two broad but not mutually exclusive categories of conflict are defined: (1)…

The life and times of Clark Kerr, who built the modern University of California and transformed American higher education, are presented. (MLW)

This paper considers the membership, terms of reference, and assumptions governing the work of the Plowden committee. It evaluates criticisms made of the report and relates the committee's conclusions to possible change models and forms of policy analysis that might have been used. (Author)

Examines why, after a successful beginning, EPA programs faltered and all but disappeared by the end of the 1970s. Concludes that while there were many causes, three major factors were the failure of the EPA to respond to changing values, changing base of research support, and the worsening conditions of the inner city. (Author/JDH)

The historical and present relationship of church and state in Irish education and the educational policies of the churches and the responses of the political system are examined. Some policy issues are analyzed to illustrate the educational policy process and the place of churches in it. (MSE)

In an excerpt from his autobiography, a Mexican-American expresses his strong feelings about the unfortunate realities behind affirmative action and bilingual education, based on his own experiences and observation of others'. (MSE)

Discusses foreign language school controversey in Hawaii, initially precipitated over the general quality of Island education and policy. Addresses various issues and court decisions, and legislation related to the schools, including the issue of Americanization of Hawaii's Asian immigrant population in the wake of World War I. (Author/JN)