This paper describes the lives and contributions of George Peabody and his nephew Othniel Charles Marsh. Marsh influenced his uncle's gifts to science and science education, particularly in the founding of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard, the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale, and the Peabody Academy of Science,…

This second part of a five-part study of education in South Africa traces the development of black education, emphasizing trends since 1960, and examines current problem areas. The following historical phases in the development of black education are outlined: (1) the traditional phase, prior to 1798, during which blacks received no education; (2)…

The result of a decade of work collecting documents, interviews, and observations, the manuscript describes the operation of the modern day Samoan educational system against an historical background of three previous eras that reach back over 200 years to a time when Samoa was virtually unknown to the western world. The development of Samoan…

The social history of the Free Kindergarten Union of the State of Victoria, Australia, from inception in 1908 to the year 1980 is recorded in this book. Growth of the union is described within the context of the World Wars, the Depression, and urbanization and industrialization. The story begins with volunteerism and philanthropy, and with four…

When the writer, nine years ago, investigated for the Bureau of Education the subject of education for railroad service, the whole matter was in a very indefinite status. The monograph published at that time was little more than a collation of widely diverse opinions of railroad men. The advance made in the present decade is very surprising to…

Undoubtedly the most critical question now before the university and college public is the question of salaries. The avowed purpose of many of the drives for additional funds for the support of the higher institutions is the increasing of the salaries of college officers and teachers. It is well known that the general level of such salaries is far…

After deducting holidays, the annual school term in most American cities is not more than 180 days. In many cities and towns the number of actual school days is still less. This means that children who are never absent attend school less than half the days of the year, a little more than 1 hour in 10. Formerly the school year was much longer in…

Because of the individual authority of each State for its own educational program, practices and policies differ widely among them in many respects. Yet in the midst of differences there are also common elements of development. The U. S. Office of Education, in presenting this series of monographs, has attempted to point out those common elements,…

During the past 60 years, 2-year colleges have increased rapidly in numbers and in enrollment of students. Over 650 institutions of the 2-year type have been established in this short period, and the number of students served each year by the public and private 2-year colleges has grown to the impressive total of over three-quarters of a million.…

This report, developed pursuant to Title X, Section 1001 (d), of the National Defense Education Act of 1958, is organized in three parts. Part I is an account of the nature, scope, and volume of federally sponsored programs in colleges and universities of the United States and the institutions which participate in them. This description is…

The academic program represents the major thrust of an institution of higher education toward the achievement of its objectives. An effective structure for academic organization is essential. Within such a structure, clarity of procedure is needed in both the development of academic policies and in the implementation of these policies. The Office…

This document contains the October 1948 through June 1949 issues of "School Life," a monthly publication of the U.S. Federal Security Agency Office of Education. The journal issues cover a variety of topics across education sectors, veterans' education and training, adult education, legislation before Congress, public health, education…

The development of successful intercollegiate athletic teams has become increasingly important as a formal concern of higher education institutions. This situation has evolved from the historical lack of social consensus (or "charter") on appropriate goals of higher education and from the program objectives of business-minded college…

In the 1930s, educational leaders in New Mexico turned to the General Education Board (originally created to assist southern African-American students) for philanthropic aid, envisioning reforms geared to the needs of Hispanic students. The board's sponsorship allowed great latitude to some very innovative educators who were sensitive to cultural…

Reviews the origin, practice, and effects of the "payment by results" law in late nineteenth-century England, in which elementary education was funded on the basis of students' examination results. Argues that such a system of educational accountability severely hampered development of English and Welsh elementary education. (PAA)