In this collection of the writings and speeches of Al Shanker, the focus is on his interest in civil and human rights, for teachers, students, and the citizens of the world. Central to his views was the belief that education is the way to economic equality. (SLD)

Analyzes male occupational stratification for 35 ethnic populations, defined by race and national origins. While racial and Spanish-origin minorities had average occupational statuses far below that of White males of native parentage, most European ethnics were equal to or only slightly below the majority population in 1940 and 1950. (AF)

Suggests "internal colonialism" explains policies and practices of Australia's Aboriginal education programs. Traces Australia's colonial history from the late 18th century, detailing examples of White ethnocentrism and culture conflict between Aboriginal and White settlers. Examines education of Aboriginal in context of continuing…

Discusses the history of the Washington public school system from pre-1945 to the present to show how its problems have evolved. Discusses why the system's bad image developed and why it has been so slow to change. Student achievement and segregation are discussed extensively. (JS)

The term "Latinas" encompasses many different groups of women. Despite the disparities among the cultures of their countries of origin, Spanish-speaking peoples have been lumped as "Hispanics," and later "Latinos," in the United States. The Latino group is rapidly becoming the largest minority population in the United…

After presenting background on the British colonial period, 1786-1957, the author examines recent Malaysian educational policy for national integration of this multicultural society, through provision of equal opportunities for all ethnic groups and the use of Malay as the official language. Successes and problems are noted. (SJL)

In 1910 in the United States there were more than thirteen million foreign-born men, women, and children. More than four-fifths of those who arrived in that year were from southern and eastern Europeans countries and other countries in which the percentage of illiteracy is very large. Nearly three million of these foreign-born men, women, and…

The report is based upon base-year data collected in "High School and Beyond," NCES's national longitudinal survey of sophomores and seniors in spring 1980. Gainful employment is prevalent among high school youth. During the week prior to the spring 1980 survey, 63.2 percent of the seniors and 42.1 percent of the sophomores had been…

Outlines the history of medical education for Blacks in the U.S. from 1850 to the present. Reports recent data on minority group participation in medicine and other health professions, and mentions a number of programs designed to increase such opportunities. (GC)

Reviews the struggle for access to education waged by minorities after the Brown decision (1954), considering both gains and losses in the search for educational equity. New tactics are needed to move to a truly multicultural education. (SLD)

Discusses the relationship between Chicago's school reform and history, noting implications for current reform: (1) origins of bureaucracy and ascendance of experts and professionals; (2) educational reform as a social movement; (3) race and ethnicity; (4) revitalization of the public sphere; and (5) limits of educational reform. (SM)

Presents a comparative analysis of the U.S. and Indian Supreme Courts' roles in civil rights and preference policies. Despite structural and historical differences, similarities exist in the development of such policies. Both are more concerned with fidelity to constitutional and statutory interpretations than to personal ideological viewpoints.…

In the 1930s, educational leaders in New Mexico turned to the General Education Board (originally created to assist southern African-American students) for philanthropic aid, envisioning reforms geared to the needs of Hispanic students. The board's sponsorship allowed great latitude to some very innovative educators who were sensitive to cultural…

About two years into her first urban superintendency, Gerry House knows she cannot solve every problem on-on-one but has created a responsive system to handle parents' complaints. The Memphis school superintendent hopes to boost minority achievement, ensure that all children learn at high levels, bolster community confidence in the schooling…

Formerly National Education Association president, Mary Futrell got NEA to support the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and helped shift NEA's focus to professional development and human-rights issues. She believes teachers must help state and district entities set academic and professional-development standards. (MLH)