The federal government's involvement in higher education is discussed, and the part that the national government has played in American history since colonial days is briefly traced. Four major points are made about developments before World War II: (1) the federal government exercised some role in higher education since the earliest days and has…

The tremendous surge of investment capital and research development enjoyed by television under the strong incentives provided by World War II probably resulted in the development of a commercially exploitable television system much earlier than would have been possible otherwise. Cooperation between government and industry in this research and…

This paper reviews the historical and legal context of the drive for greater equity in education, with a focus on racial equality. An overview of other papers in this series is also presented. The conclusion is drawn that although considerable progress has been made in achieving greater racial equity in education, much remains to be done. Blacks…

This textbook is the 16th volume of a bound periodical. The "American Journal of Education" was established to enter into a range of education-related discussion and investigation. Among the topics covered by articles in this issue are: public instruction in the Austrian Empire; the nature and value of education; the dignity of the…

Detailed are the first ten years of the Sea Grant Program through 1976. The review is divided into three parts. Part I, Sea Grant Origin and Process, traces the historical development of the program and cites the program's philosophy. Part II, Sea Grant in Action, discusses marine resource development, marine technology, research and development,…

Reviews the history of federal involvement in education before 1870, using recent research and methodology and a model of "crescive" (growing by increments) versus "enacted" (rationally created) institutions. Notes federal decisions regarding financial aid, land grants, military training, American Indian education, federal education agencies, and…

Reviews the use of executive orders and proclamations throughout U.S. history and emphasizes the importance of access to these documents. A publication by the Congressional Information Service (CIS) which provides full text and detailed indexing of presidential decisions is described, and a descriptive list of source record groups in the CIS index…

Reviews recent trends in scholarly micropublishing and preservation microfilming and discusses prospects for the rest of the twentieth century. Areas discussed include the impact of economics and government policies, recent changes in the scholarly micropublishing industry, recent developments in bibliographic control, the national preservation…

Examines the Chinese Exclusion Case Files of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), which documented the influx of Chinese immigrants from 1882-1923, the time when Chinese immigration was first limited and ultimately stopped altogether. These files contain data on thousands of immigrants, documenting their experience, aspirations, and…

Attempts to place in historical perspective the 19-month American Indian occupation of Alcatraz Island, which began in November 1969. Discusses societywide and specifically Native American events leading to occupation; occupation itself and responses by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Nixon Administration; and other Indian activist actions during…

Examines the Total Quality Management (TQM) activities at a federal government agency (i.e., the Defense Fuel Supply Center) using the following criteria established by the Federal Quality Institute: top management leadership and support; strategic quality planning; customer focus; training and recognition; employee empowerment and teamwork; and…

The Brown decision of 1954 occurred when Blacks, who were migrating into the North in large numbers, became a highly visible political minority. Widespread interest in school integration on the part of the dominant majority stemmed more from a concern about societal integration than about the welfare of disadvantaged children. The Brown decision…

One of the most evident examples of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's mastery of the press and his manipulation of public opinion was the 1940 arrangement of the transfer of 50 United States naval destroyers to Great Britain while that nation was at war with Germany and Italy and while noninterventionist sentiment was quite strong in the United…

This article chronicles the history of judicial review, tracing it back to the early 17th century in England. Also included are sections on recent Supreme Court cases, and the colonial experience with judicial review. (JDH)

Arthur Lockwood Wagner, who graduated from West Point in 1876, was one of the best known and most influential U.S. Army officers of his day. An intellectual and educator, Wagner was instrumental in some of the most critical reforms in U.S. Army history. He advocated enhanced military education, adopting modern combat techniques, holding…