This paper provides a review of the history of school desegregation efforts in the courts from the middle of the nineteenth century to the present. Early cases at both state and federal levels sanctioned the notion of "separate but equal" education. During the first half of the twentieth century the Supreme Court held that the existence of…

Examines the Mississippi Freedom Schools, organized by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) during the 1964 summer, that were designed to empower Black students to transform society. Analyzes the schools' teaching practices based on student experiences and promoting self-discovery and expression. Identifies institutional limits in…

Postwar transformation of U.S. cities gave new form to longstanding racial and economic educational inequities, intensifying barriers to achievement facing disadvantaged students. By concentrating disadvantaged students in inferior innercity schools, educational problems are intensified. Bureaucratic school systems do little to address new…

Born into slavery in 1856, Booker T. Washington overcame staggering obstacles to lead emancipated blacks into a quiet revolution against illiteracy and economic dependence. In his lifetime, the national focus became more democratic, and the education of adults proliferated, bringing social change. The first public efforts to educate freed slaves…

This textbook for elementary school children is a history of African Americans from 800 A.D. to 1992 in 24 chapters. Each chapter closes with a review that lists vocabulary words to learn, and offers thinking and writing questions. Some chapters also contain activity sheets. Chapter topics include African origins, black explorers and settlers in…

Volume II of the Commissioner of Education's report presents statistics and discussion on state common-school systems; city school systems; universities, colleges, and technological schools; agricultural and mechanical colleges; professional schools; normal schools; secondary schools; manual and industrial training; commercial and business…

Volume II of the Commissioner's report includes statistics and discussion on state common-school systems; city school systems; universities, colleges, and technological schools; agricultural and mechanical colleges; professional schools; normal schools; summer schools; public and private high schools; manual and industrial training; commercial and…

The effective education of the Negroes of the United States is essential to the welfare of the entire Nation, and especially of the Southern States. In view of this fact, the information contained in this bulletin has immediate and practical value of a very high degree. Noteworthy elements in the preparation of this report on Negro education are:…

Because of the individual authority of each State for its own educational program, practices and policies differ widely among them in many respects. Yet in the midst of differences there are also common elements of development. The U. S. Office of Education, in presenting this series of monographs, has attempted to point out those common elements,…

This book examines the history of 20th century racial segregation in Kentucky higher education, the last state in the South to enact legislation banning interracial education in private schools and the first to remove it. In five chapters and an epilogue, the book traces the growth of racism, the period of acceptance of racism, the black…

Volume I of the 1916-18 Biennial Survey of Education includes the following chapters: (1) A survey of higher education (Samuel P. Capen and Walton C. John); (2) Medical education (N. P. Colwell); (3) Engineering education (F. L. Bishop); (4) Commercial education (Frank V. Thompson); (5) Public education in the cities of the United States: The…

The interest of the American people in education, the extent and rapid growth of education as public enterprise, and the popularization of secondary schools in recent years are well known and are subjects of frequent comment. Less well known, however, are the interest and activity of the Negro, one of the constituent elements in American life, in…

There are three types of schools for the deaf included in this bulletin: (1) Those controlled and supported by the State; (2) Those controlled and financed by private organizations; and (3) Those operated as a part of the city public-school systems. This bulletin provides information for the schools for the deaf from 1917 to 1918. Contents…

The purpose of this report is to bring together important facts concerning the education of Negroes in the United States in general, and in the 17 States and the District of Columbia where separate schools are maintained for the colored and white races, in particular. Most of the statistics appearing here may be found in the various chapters of…

The purpose of the Biennial Survey of Education in the United States is to present to the people of this Nation a picture, as complete and accurate as possible, of the many types of education they finance, administer, and maintain. But this isolated picture is not enough. The worth, activity, and progress of any system of schools are relative…