The last 30 years of U.S. political history have seen dramatic strides in the impact that minorities play in U.S. politics. This first volume of a two-volume set addresses the historical and contemporary impact of two of the largest minority groups in the United States. Divided into two sections, the encyclopedia addresses the political struggles…

In order to determine why community control groups and low income people have been excluded from power, this study describes and analyzes in detail the politics of education in a typical New York City public school district. (Author/JLF)

The author examines previous efforts to establish certifying examinations for high school students and their effects on curriculum and students, particularly minorities. Also, to introduce readers to the rest of this theme issue on testing, he briefly discusses test validity, cutoff scores, and effects on teachers. (SJL)

Problems of definition are discussed and followed by a delineation of three major forces which induced the genesis of mainstreaming: research-based evidence and arguments, litigation challenging long-established practice, and legislative mandates (specifically, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act--P.L. 94-142). (DLS)

Predicts imminent pressures on the state of California's education system, particularly on the nine-campus University of California (UC), due to demographic and financial trends and a shift in the ethnic mix in the college-age population. Discusses the problem of providing greater access to UC while preserving academic standards. (CS)

Recounts some experiences of African-Caribbean children in Leicester (England) schools in the 1960s and 1970s. Argues that these can be understood in relation to cultural attitudes and the policies of the Local Education Authority, which were, in turn, related to government policies of the time. (DSK)

Discusses Freedom Summer, the voter registration and educational program conducted in Mississippi in the summer of 1964. The importance of adult education in this civil rights effort is analyzed in parallel with the work of Paulo Freire in Brazil. (SLD)

The document presents a history of an Italian immigrant family that settled in Westport, Connecticut, before 1900. The monograph is part of a project to investigate the ethnically varied cultural heritage of the Norwalk-Westport area. Objectives of the history are to record the story of the d'Amico family, shed light on the Westport Italian…

Transcripts are presented of interviews with 20 individuals of various ethnic backgrounds who live in the Westport-Norwalk, Connecticut, area. The document is part of a project to investigate the ethnically varied cultural, heritage of the Westport-Norwalk area from 1900 to 1979. Persons interviewed are identified by ethnic group, including…

Evidence of multiculturalism in New Zealand, populated mainly by the indigenous Maoris and Europeans, has become common throughout the educational system in the last two decades. In spite of efforts at reform, however, Maori leaders contend that the government has consistently failed to meet the needs of Maori students, citing continuing high…

After the Second World War, the field of cultural anthropology underwent an explosive development. Sociologists, psychologists, educators, and economists all added to the increasing interest in a discipline which began by assuming that culture is the foundation of social structures and that every institution manifests itself as a system of…

General Ulysses S. Grant reflected the prevailing views of his community and times concerning social attitudes. Although opposed to slavery, he was not a strong advocate of liberties and rights for black people. Like President Lincoln, Grant at first opposed use of black troops in the Civil War. On July 17, 1862 black recruitment was approved and…

Presents biographical and pictorial information about 12 black scientists and inventors who were selected to serve as models for children who have little opportunity to learn of black contributions to science and technology, and as motivation for students who are uncertain about continuing their studies or about selecting professions. Much of…

The educational policy for the schools of the black noncitizen group residing within the Canal Zone is the subject of this study. The time period examined covers roughly the first half of the twentieth century. In the first chapter the significance, relevance, and limitations of the study are discussed. The second chapter describes the…

Describes origin and development of programs, focusing on affirmative action at the Faculty of Northern Peoples of Leningrad's Herzen Pedagogical Institute. Offers conclusions and implications for North America. Includes extensive bibliography, tables on Siberian populations and languages, and biographies of two Siberian educators and two female…