Puerto Rican roots stem from the ethnic mixture of Indians, Europeans, and Africans. This article describes the advent of each of the groups on the island, the historical and cultural impact each made, and the retention of heritage among Puerto Rican migrants to the U.S. (DS)

Discusses the popularity of smoking in the twentieth-century United States and the government's attempts to educate the public to the health risks of tobacco. Examines the surgeon general's reports, the tobacco lobby's response, and the use of mass media advertising by both. Suggests that the United States needs to rethink the nature of behavioral…

The history of childhood is of major importance to any study of human society. This book reviews systematically the attitudes and practices of parents toward their children in different Western cultures and time periods. The chapters of the book are: (1) "The Evolution of Childhood" (Lloyd deMause); (2) "Barbarism and Religion: Late…

In recent years, concern in several Southeast Asian nations about the deterioration of values within their societies has resulted in renewed efforts to teach values by means of special courses in the schools. This paper compares the current programs of values education in four of the nations: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Phillipines, and Singapore.…

Compares and contrasts activities and experiences of the first Soviet teachers among Eskimos and Koryaks and the first Anglican missionaries among Inuit of Baffin Island. Concludes Soviets integrated natives into political, educational, economic structures of the USSR while missionaries concentrated on natives' spiritual life, not involvement in…

The descriptions of Polynesian music and dance resulting from Cook's voyages influenced the romantic composers of the early nineteenth century, especially in the incorporation of exotic and mystical themes. (Author)

In this collection of essays, the content of mathematics is dealt with in general terms, concentrating on cognitive organization, modes of thought, and the way that mathematics interacts with the sociocultural setting. Chapter 1 compares features of Sumero-Babylonian, ancient Greek, and Latin medieval mathematics. Chapter 2 traces the specific…

Using bits and pieces of the past such as charred bits of wood from campfires, broken pieces of clay pots, stone spearpoints and arrowheads, and shell or copper ornaments, the archaeologist tries to put together the story of early Indian people in the Minnesota region. A short story, one of eight articles, re-creates the kill of an Itasca bison…

A psychometrician and acquaintance of Carl C. Brigham, the "father of the Scholastic Aptitude Test," comments on the man's presonality traits and the culture that shaped his thinking. Areas of testing research that should be pursued are suggested. (MSE)

Defining "little" cultural traditions as those customs, behaviors and attitudes of ordinary people involved in the day-to-day problems of living and survival, this article traces the origins, historic influences and general characteristics of Hispanic culture and of its Mexican, Puerto Rican and Cuban subcultures. (DS)

Provides a broadened historical perspective on literacy instruction in Russia by focusing on the development of the Russian "bukvar," the first text typically placed in the hands of Russian children as they begin schooling. Discusses origins of the bukvar; religious, social, and cultural influences; pedagogical and scientific influences;…

Evidence of multiculturalism in New Zealand, populated mainly by the indigenous Maoris and Europeans, has become common throughout the educational system in the last two decades. In spite of efforts at reform, however, Maori leaders contend that the government has consistently failed to meet the needs of Maori students, citing continuing high…

This document examines the historical, political and geographical status of Canada, its distribution of power, the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement of 1989, and Canada's relations with the United States. The Meech Lake accord, a proposal designed to establish Quebec more firmly under the constitutional umbrella by granting the province distinct…

Written by one of the tribe's few remaining members and based on oral history and legend, this study traces the history of the Tsetsaut tribe, ancient original inhabitants of the Portland Canal area of southeastern Alaska. Chapters recount the quest for the coast, legends of Portland Canal, exploration of the area, material culture, establishment…

Both formal and nonformal schooling have failed to bring about economic change in developing countries. Assumptions guiding both types of education are shaped by capitalist or socialist myths that are deeply rooted in Western culture. Underdeveloped countries must invent their own myths to effect change through education. (PP)