This annotated bibliography focuses on the constitutional role of Oklahoma by highlighting the constitutionally significant cases that arose during the territorial period and after statehood. The intention is to bring important constitutional issues closer to home, and thereby create an appreciation for the Constitution as a vital, living…

The following three African-American philosophical orientations to education have achieved prominence over the years: (1) the accommodationist philosophy of Booker T. Washington; (2) the radical, liberationist approach of W. E. B. DuBois; and (3) the integrationist/desegregationist, reformist philosophy of Charles H. Houston. Each philosophical…

The role of clergy in the successful desegregation of Dayton Schools from 1969-79 is described. Prior to a 1976 federal court order to begin busing, the clergy were unable to agree on desegregation issues. However, during the second phase of the controversy, they publicly endorsed peaceful implementation of busing. A conclusion is that the clergy…

During a time of great unrest, formerly White schools have undertaken, with considerable success, one of the most critical educational innovations attempted in the African continent. Success appears, ironically, to be due to the same strong structure which for nearly 50 years made the schools effective instruments of White supremacy. (BRR)

Recommends studying Fannie Lou Hamer's work in the civil rights movement of the 1960s to teach students a greater appreciation of the citizen's role in enforcing constitutional rights. Includes a role-playing activity, discussion questions, and a handout on Hamer. Suggests students will recognize the relationship between the Fourteenth Amendment…

This book recounts the 1960's struggle of Mercer University, a historic Southern Baptist university in Georgia, to confront racism and cultural change. The account focuses on Sam Oni, an African and the first black student admitted to Mercer. Oni was also a Southern Baptist, a product of Mercer missionaries to Africa. In a pivotal incident when he…

The limited coverage of blacks in "The Virginia Gazette" during integration marked a symbolic step toward greater, or equal inclusion of black society in the newspaper but proved far from fulfilling the newspaper's role as a community newspaper. Personal interaction between blacks and whites in Williamsburg (Virginia) did not occur very…

An examination is presented of how lawyers and educators have brought their unique perspectives to bear on the relationship between legal right and educational opportunity in three issues. It is explained that in the formative era of segregation, increasing racial hostility forced questions of educational opportunity to take precedence over the…

Finds desegregation (even that produced by federal courts) moving slowly, inequity in opportunities for Blacks in school administration, and future prospects for reform of desegregated schools, school desegregation, and minority promotion to administrative positions "extremely discouraging," especially in view of the Reagan…

Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall's retirement and his successor's selection should be the occasion for rededication to the goals of desegregation of schools and housing. The history of civil rights legislation and school desegregation is traced. Barriers to desegregation and equality should increase a Black individual's determination to…

Presents a lesson tracing the legal evolution toward greater justice in U.S. society from 1865-1965 through congressional acts and Supreme Court decisions. Includes student handouts of major civil rights cases, legislation, and background information. Provides a bar graph for evaluating Supreme Court decisions and congressional acts that advance…

In January 1961, Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes became the first black students to enter the University of Georgia (Atlanta). Calvin Trillin covered the litigation that resulted in a federal court order that allowed these students to enroll, and then returned just before their graduation to interview the students, their families, friends and…

This book explores the racial experience and consciousness of black and white Americans within the context of their lives over the course of 20 years. The subjects of this book, 16 blacks and 12 whites, were interviewed in 1968, again in 1978-79, and for a third time in 1986. They speak in their own words about how their lives unfolded, how their…

Analyzes and explains the change of a crowd into a mob. Uses as a case study the behavior of crowds involved in the integration of two previously all-White elementary schools in New Orleans (Louisiana). Emphasizes the role of the White students who continued to attend the schools. (FMW)

This chapter examines connections between segregation and Chicano school failure. The isolation of Chicano students in "Mexican schools" or in high-density ethnic minority schools is a long-standing fact of the Chicano schooling experience. Current data reveal that Chicanos and other Latino students continue to be segregated and are…