In the early twentieth century, children were prohibited from speaking Spanish. Thus, female teachers, as enforcers of the rules, reproduced the social relations found in society and legitimized and perpetuated class and ethnic stratification. By doing so they separated themselves from Hispanic women. (Author/NQ)

The late 1970s may be regarded not merely as lacking in significant reform in higher education, but also as a period characterized by a loss of momentum in certain ambitious reforms previously initiated. Some reform strategies succeeded and others did not. (MSE)

Until the 1950s, Canadian economists demonstrated little concern about the relationship between education and society's economic performance. In the 1960s, the neoclassical school became preoccupied with education's investment potential and, with the Keynsians, formed a consensus on greatly increased expenditures. In the 1970s, this judgment was…

Reviews the role that philanthropic foundations have played in educational support, research, and reform since 1900. (GC)

Traces the imprints of colonial constraints on the evolution of science education in India against the backdrop of the British colonial legacy. Divides the British Educational Policy into three phases: 1792-1813, 1814-35, and 1836-57. Assesses British education policy with regard to the teaching of science following the descriptive analysis. (DB)

The history of Ontario's policies governing Franco-Ontarian education is highlighted in this paper, with a focus on the evolution of cultural pluralism and the struggle for minority French language education self-governance. Adopting a political systems framework for policy making and a pluralist perspective, the paper illustrates the conflicts…

This compendium chronicles key events and issues in early childhood education from the perspective of a professor of early childhood education and holder of various offices in that area who has annually reviewed the field since 1971. The commentary, which provides thousands of facts, takes up in turn each of the 20 years between 1971 and 1990, and…

The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of bilingual education programs in Peru. The first part of the paper consists of a general discussion of Peruvian history and the problem of native language suppression under Spanish colonialism and, later, a Spanish dominant independent government. Educational policies and the…

Presents a history of the latest revolution in higher education, emphasizing the importance of increasing free market forces in institutional policy formation and the development of new management capabilities within academe. Discusses historiographic considerations and curriculum transitions, suggesting relevant considerations for the formation…

Three centuries have gone by since the termination by the Catholic government of France of the religious, educational, cultural, commercial, and personal freedom of the adherents of the Calvinist Reformed Church, or Huguenots. The historical consequences of the Edict of Fontainebleau (Revocation of the Edict of Nantes) are discussed. (RM)

Traces the historical relationship of Canada's educational system to its constitution. Concludes that the significance of the patriation of Canada's constitution for education includes strengthening a drive for bilingual education, promoting equality of opportunity, and continuing education as a provincial concern while unifying, nationally, the…

Every era of deep social change in U.S. history has produced incessant calls for social improvement through the reform of the public schools. This fastback sketches some common themes and recent discontinuities in the history of school reform. It focuses on three aspects of change during key eras of reform: the sources of education change, the…

The establishment of soundly organized local districts for administering the schools has long been a major problem in American education. Methods of dealing with this problem have varied greatly ranging from compulsory reorganization of districts by legislative decree to dependence upon highly permissive laws to be used or ignored as local people…

This paper examines the CCF's educational philosophy prior to and during its first term as the government of Saskatchewan (1944-48), to assess the extent to which the party's articulated policy was in line with its socialist origins and the degree of implementation it achieved in the Department of Education. (Author/SJL)

Explores the controversy surrounding the appointment of William Bulger, a well-known politician, as president of the University of Massachusetts. The complexities of educational policy in Massachusetts are revealed. Ultimately the process aired the views of all stakeholders in a process that should contribute to the eventual success of Bulger in…