The Educational Directory, 1919-20 is divided into seven distinct parts. Part I, Government Educational Activities, covers the following topic areas: (1) The United States Bureau of Education; (2) Department of State; (3) Department of War; (4) Department of the Navy; (5) Department of the Treasury; (6) Department of the Interior; (7) Department…

Nine major forces which will have influenced California public schools in the 1970-80 decade are discussed: reform initiatives; declining enrollment; declining public support; the Serrano decision; collective bargaining; Proposition 13; school integration; likelihood of an educational voucher system; and a proposed statewide spending limit. (MH)

Introduces the censorship, and imprisonment of Jehovah's Witnesses who distributed, "The Finished Mystery," which contained antiwar statements deemed seditious during World War I. Asks students to examine a Justice Department document pertaining to the case. Helps students decide whether national security needs should override First…

Describes oral history interviews conducted with artists and writers involved in New Deal arts projects. Describes the collections, analyzing biases and selection factors. Examines participants' attitudes toward government sponsorship of the arts, finding general approval of government patronage. Suggests that these oral histories help document…

The opportunity for religious freedom brought the Amish from Europe to North America as early as 1737. And for many generations, conflicts between the Amish and the U.S. government were limited to Amish objections to military service. However, as the government's regulatory power grew in the 20th century, clashes between the Amish and the state…

Section 1 of this report develops the thesis that while illiteracy is deeply entrenched in certain areas of India, it is also confined to specific pockets of the population. Recognition of this fact should be the basis, according to the author, of literacy strategy. Section 2 provides a history of the levels of priority given to adult education…

The role and history of the United States Aid Funds, which guarantees student loans made by conventional lenders, and developments at the state and federal levels are addressed. United Student Aid Funds, which helped open private credit markets to student borrowers, operates in all 50 states and U.S. territories. The events and people that helped…

Since India's independence much of the responsibility for educating the population has shifted from the Indian states to the central federal government. While education remains constitutionally identified as a state matter, and while the federal government controls most of higher education as well as vocational, professional, and technical…

Historical perspectives concerning accreditation in postsecondary education, the structure of accreditation, and possible future roles for the process are examined. It is suggested that the interplay of four groups provides a basis to consider the possible future in the field of accreditation. These groups are: state government responsibilities…

Evaluates public education's contributions to Mexico's economic development from 1952-1982. Finds education's principal contribution has not been to improve human capital or government competence; education has instead been a vital source of political capital that has helped to maintain the political system as an "inclusionary…

The impact of a shift in Swedish government from the Social Democratic Party to a conservative/liberal coalition in 1976 on higher education policy is examined. Characteristic features of the political processes and policy developments in Swedish higher education during this period are discussed. (BH)

Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall's retirement and his successor's selection should be the occasion for rededication to the goals of desegregation of schools and housing. The history of civil rights legislation and school desegregation is traced. Barriers to desegregation and equality should increase a Black individual's determination to…

The experience of the Detroit (Michigan) public schools is used to offer a new interpretation of the decline of urban education in the 20th century, and ways are suggested to improve America's schools. Political, social, and financial influences have affected the formulation and development of educational policy in Detroit. The history of the…

This book traces the history of public support of teacher education from its European beginnings to present practices in the United States. It summarizes current programs and analyzes the impact that federal assistance has had on teacher education programs in selected institutions of higher education. Chapter 1 presents an historical overview of…

A definitive account of the May 4, 1970 Kent State shootings and the trial that followed is presented by the lawyer who served as chief counsel for the 13 victims. Part One, "The Long Road to the Cleveland Courthouse," provides all the information on the victims, the shootings, and preparation for the trial. Part Two, "At Last, Our…