Charlotte Hawkins Brown devoted her life to the building of the Palmer Memorial Institute from a small neighborhood elementary school to a high school and junior college for Blacks from across the nation. In addition, Brown became active in interracial organizing, women's club work, and efforts for racial advancement. (Author/GC)

This case study traces the evolution of race and schooling issues in Oakland, California and assesses why that school district did not opt to desegregate as seemed likely in the 1960s. (Author/MP)

This book chronicles African American higher education as viewed by 20 presidents and presidents emeriti from several historically black colleges (HBCs). Interview excerpts are used to illustrate how HBCs outside the established, accepted educational structure have been inadequately financed and staffed, have been without satisfactory resources,…

Presents the history of the entry of African American students and faculty into the nation's prestigious military institutions: the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, and the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs. Notes that the military's effort to diversify its troops and officer corps is a recent…

This biography for younger readers describes the life of Rosa Parks, the Alabama black woman whose refusal to give up her seat on a segregated bus helped establish the civil rights movement. The book is introduced by an overview of the movement by Andrew Young and a timeline indicating major historical events from 1954 through 1968. Highlights in…

This book provides an historical overview of American student activism from 1900 to the present with emphasis on the period from 1900 to 1960. An introduction to this edition reviews student activism since 1970 concluding that, despite brief sparks of activism such as the anti-apartheid struggle, there are currently no national or regional…

May Justus started teaching at elementary schools in Appalachia in the 1930s. She believed that mountain schools were the center of community life and drew subject matter from the needs of the students rather than imposing a curriculum designed by professional educators. Teaching arts and crafts and operating a communal soup pot at the school, she…

Presents an historic overview of school desegregation court decisions. Discusses governmental and socioeconomic factors that have influenced school desegregation policy. Describes the Milwaukee (Wisconsin) school desegregation settlement based on voluntary interdistrict student transfers and efforts to remedy racial isolation by integrating…

Recounts experiences of the author as one of the black students who integrated Central High School in Little Rock (Arkansas) in 1957 and presents a retrospective as she looks back on her story and the civil rights movement. (SLD)

The significance, purpose, and undercurrents of the Detroit school desegregation case "Bradley v. Milliken" are examined in a look at the 19-year history of Detroit's court-ordered desegregation plan. At present, school desegregation does not appear to be a priority in Detroit. (SLD)

May Justus taught in rural Appalachian schools in the 1930s, then worked at the Highlander Folk School, which focused on adult education, labor organizing, and the civil rights movement. Her children's books reflected Appalachian values of commitment to family and community. She was a true radical educator, who drew on the region's best values to…

This report contains transcripts of speeches given at the Amistad Symposium by lawyers, judges, and others active in the civil rights movement since the 1960s. Speakers include Clifton Johnson, J. Skelly Wright, John P. Nelson, Edwin King, Fred L. Banks, Jr., Lawrence A. Aschenbrenner, Frank R. Parker, Henry Schwarzschild, and Richard B. Sobol.…

A participant in the 1958 Wichita, Kansas, lunch counter sit-ins recounts the history of early Great Plains sit-ins and discusses how they were related to, if not the cause of, the more famous Greensboro, North Carolina, sit-ins. Discusses factors leading to the sit-ins, and the fact that black youth pioneered them. (TD)

Traces the evolution of the Florida Community College System as it exists today--a merger between formerly segregated African American and White junior colleges. Recounts the historical development of the 12 African American two-year colleges, established to provide African Americans with equal access to higher educational opportunities. (VWC)

Scholars examine the Afro-American past to understand the position that black people have occupied in U.S. society, their efforts to cope with their status, and their successes and failures in pursuing full equality. The four major themes of Afro-American history and the transformations associated with them are: (1)"Africa to America" (Africans to…