The late 1980s' resurgent appeal to public interest standards entails a misunderstanding of the real meaning of "public interest" and, whatever the merits of the critique of the deficiencies during the recent regulatory period, the standard still contains within it the seeds of its own compromise, if not destruction. Even among its…

This paper explores FM radio's struggle for survival in the 1940s, focusing primarily on the impact of Federal Communications Commission (FCC) decision making and on the influence and activities of the well-established radio corporations, primarily the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). It describes the invention of FM radio by Edwin H. Armstrong…

The author states that special education and school psychology were established concurrently, with psychologists providing psychometrics to accommodate exceptional children's education; that the conjunction prevailed until passage of P.L. 94-142; and that ensuing educational complexity requires educators to become committed to guided, planned…

Chronicles the development of public broadcasting from early attempts to develop noncommercial radio through organizations such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the Public Broadcasting Service. Discusses the need for federal support and the resulting conflicts. (JMF)

This paper situates the institution of copyright in the historical context of the rise of capitalism. The purpose is to provide a critical analysis of the philosophy of copyright and of the received history of copyright. A class analysis of copyright reveals the essential nature of copyright as the basis for the private ownership of intellectual…

During the first two decades of radio broadcasting in the United States, commercial broadcasters persuaded federal regulators, much of the public, and many educators that there was little need for independent noncommercial stations. Educational programming could be entrusted to "cooperation" between commercial hosts and guest educators.…

Discusses the creation of national broadcasting services in Nigeria, their conflicting national and regional goals, and the subsequent establishment of rival broadcasting systems by regional governments. (GT)

The development of the television industry in the United States as it emerged in the 1950s is mirrored by tracing the policies and actions of NBC (the National Broadcasting Company) during this period. As the leading radio network and as a subsidiary of RCA (the Radio Corporation of America), NBC was in a uniquely powerful position to direct the…

This paper examines the government's authority to regulate indecent broadcasts, beginning with a historical overview of the Federal Communication Commission's (FCC) involvement with broadcast indecency and its application in case law. First Amendment considerations are discussed and some suggestions are made regarding how the Commission should…

Reviews the history of federal legislation applicable to vocational education; analyzes the work-related problems of adults and youth; and suggests federal policy actions classified according to problem area. (DR)

This analysis of government regulation of America's broadcast service provides: (1) a historical view of radio and television regulation, including the doctrines of scarcity and public trustee and other areas affected by deregulation in particular; (2) an analysis of the argument for deregulation; and (3) an assessment of the First Amendment, the…

The Congressional Research Service prepared this compilation of articles and bibliography to facilitate student research on the regulation of mass media in the United States, the 1979-80 intercollegiate debate topic. The selection of articles reproduced in Section A and the citations chosen for the bibliography in Section B are representative of…

Provides historical background on public sentiment and government action related to U.S. and United Nations publications used in environmental policy research. Discussion covers Earth Days 1970 and 1990, the Council on Environmental Quality, the National Environmental Policy Act of 1970, and the United Nations Environment Program. Chronological…

Examining the evolution of the "Good Housekeeping" Seal of Approval--one of the first codes to set standards for the products advertised in a periodical, a study analyzed issues of "Good Housekeeping" magazine from 1909 to 1975 (with the exception of issues from July 1929 to December 1938). The study also examined elements that…

The historical development of the criteria used by the United States Commissioner of Education to recognize approval and accrediting agencies is discussed. The criteria have evolved from the simple, six-part 1948 edition to the draft of the new edition which encompasses 54 criteria. The proposed criteria, like the 1948 version and unlike those of…