Inner-city schools are currently as separate and unequal as they have ever been. School reform has failed to address the dual system, and it will remain ineffective as long as an unequal and racially divided system operates. Suggestions are given for turning rhetoric to action. (SLD)

The development of the Bernard van Leer Foundation is recounted. The discussion illustrates general trends by means of selective project reviews and references to theoretical discussions which were prevalent in early childhood education during the period from 1965-1986. Also considered are activities encouraged by the foundation which have…

Student activists of the 1960s participated in different student movements with distinct racial and national identities. The causes and consequences of racial segmentation that made white students and students of color behave differently are examined. Even the abrupt decline of campus movements in the 1970s reflects profound racial segmentation.…

The extent and significance of the American undertaking to provide for or promote free public and universal education among the minority groups and native populations now living under our flag, large numbers of whom are citizens or potential citizens of our Republic, can be appreciated only in the light of the entire situation involved. This…

A profile of the American college professor is presented, based on social science studies. The historical background is traced, with attention to the early development of the professorial role during the latter half of the eighteenth century, the progressive professionalization of the faculty during the nineteenth century, and the consolidation of…

While many people think of folklore as part of the culture of rural, isolated, uneducated people, folklore has a much broader definition and can encompass all areas and be found among all people. Folklore tradition can include school fight songs, ghost stories, children's games, ethnic jokes, jump rope rhymes and family recipes, as well as…

Traces shifts in national educational priorities. Argues that the current trend is toward reduced Federal guidance in the area of public education, and greater public support of private schooling. Contends that this trend is an ideological choice rather than a response to economic shifts. (FMW)

Reviews the historic, social and political forces that have diminished the number of Black and other minority teachers. Contends that the newly imposed certification requirements and assessment criteria in teacher education have had a greater negative impact on the supply of Black teachers than all other deterrents combined. (FMW)

The educational welfare of children of native and minority groups in continental United States and its outlying parts involves instructional procedures which in recent years are becoming more and more recognized as constituting specialized problems in education. Bilingualism is generally recognized as offering serious instructional difficulties…

Community leadership roles taken by African-American educators between 1795 and 1954 are reviewed, including biographical sketches of several prominent Blacks. Educators were major figures in African-American movements toward specific cultural objectives. (SLD)

Contemporary homelessness is the result of increasing social and economic inequality faced by those in American society who are most vulnerable to individual, family, and economic instability. This case study of the homeless population of Los Angeles (California), based on two surveys conducted in 1984, views the homeless as a segment of the…

The origins, history, and final demise of discriminatory admissions policies at Harvard, Princeton and Yale are examined. It is reported that by the early 1920's the Big Three racial and religious quotas were fully operative in response to the influx of Jews, Catholics, and other new groups that threatened the hegemony of the old-stock Americans…

Although educators and philosophers such as Johann Amos Comenius, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Pestalozzi, and Froebel stressed the study of nature, outdoor education really began with the first teaching-learning act which occurred outdoors. The human being, physiologically and psychologically adapted for outdoor existence, has only been indoors for…

This literature review addresses the relatively recent perception of Chinese-Americans as superachievers by examining empirical research studies, statistical data, historical accounts, fiction, biographies, autobiographies, and newspaper stories. It is argued that only with a historical perspective can the myths be sorted from the realities about…

A healthy economy is the best offense against poverty, but economic growth alone cannot close the wide gap between the poverty rates of minorities and whites. This collection examines the socioeconomic status of racial and ethnic minorities, their experiences with poverty, and the effects of federal social policies toward minority groups from 1787…