This report provides historical background on the origins, development and procedures, of Educational Testing Service's (ETS's) Board of Review. Established in 1969, the Board of Review makes final decisions for all test scores of questionable validity. ETS cancels or withholds scores believed to be invalid. Reasons for invalid scores range from improper testing conditions to overt candidate misconduct. Between these extremes lie the problems of questionable validity. Cheating on tests has been a recognized problem since the College Entrance Examination Board's founding in 190l. After the 1947 establishment of ETS, first test program directors, then a security officer (1956) were responsible for test score investigations. In the 1960's the Law School Admission Council's concern led to a review of ETS test security procedures directed by Robert Smith, and the subsequent establishment of the Board of Review. While there have been ongoing policy changes and procedural refinements (most notably increasing reliance on sophisticated statistical methods and computer technology) the key element is unchanged. ETS interest is in the validity of the scores it reports, not in providing evidence or judgments of candidate misconduct. Court cases concerning score reporting have upheld ETS policies. (BS)