Political, social, and legislative forces outside higher education orchestrated and directed congressional action to uncap the mandatory retirement age, paying little attention to the special nature of higher education. Lobbyists for higher education did not greatly affect the ultimate resolution. (Author/MSE)

Examines the historical development of cultural pluralism and describes sociopolitical influences that affected the rise of minorities in Canada. Observes that Canadian society has been historically dual, composed mainly of French and English Canadians, but that the duality has been modified by plurality due to immigration policy and social…

This monograph discusses the evolution of vocational instruction and how society plays a role in the training from early tribal customs in training to the apprenticeships and then to structuralized instruction in the trade schools, colleges, and universities due to legislation passed as late as 1983. Forces that influenced changes in vocational…

The article examines the effects of the history of education on the Navajo, reviewing influences by a complex society and revealing relationships between the Navajo and the United States through the educational process. (Author/SB)