Reviews evidence which suggests that the sexual division of labor and ideology of sex roles are not determined by biological constraints, but by the structural constraints of a given society. Discusses how the ideology of femininity, which evolved from the life-style of upper class White women, oppresses Black women. (Author/GC)

Discusses errors in appraisals of African-Americans' economic progress in recent history, in order to show that African-Americans have made little progress toward achieving economic equality. Considers the changing roles of African-American and European American women in the labor market as vital to interpreting economic status trends. (JS)

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries the ideology of the "teaching daughters," which argues the benefits of employing women as teachers, was taking form. The development of this ideology and its practice in southeastern Pennsylvania and northern Delaware from 1790 to 1850 are described. (RM)

Black, Latina, and Asian women generally work in jobs that are less well-paying and lower on the occupational hierarchy than are the jobs held by their white counterparts. In addition, these women of color face higher unemployment rates than do white women. Whereas the entry of large numbers of white women into the work force is a fairly recent…