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Phuntsog, Nawang – Cultural Survival Quarterly, 1998
The Chinese occupation of Tibet destroyed the Tibetan monastic educational system, which had linked Buddhist education and Tibetan culture, and transformed Tibetans into a colonized indigenous population. Although there are 84 Tibetan schools in India, Nepal, and Bhutan, their curricula are based on each host country's centralized…
Descriptors: Buddhism, Colonialism, Cultural Maintenance, Culturally Relevant Education
Pollak, Susan – 1983
Traditional Buddhist education centered solely around the monasteries, since the Buddhist world did not offer educational opportunities apart from its monasteries. All education, religious as well as secular, was controlled by the monks, and involved the initiation ceremony into the Buddhist Order, the education of the monk, the viharus or…
Descriptors: Ancient History, Buddhism, Comparative Education, Course Content
Arnold, Julean H. – United States Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior, 1908
With Japan and America entering the ranks of the colonizing powers, the question of colonial education becomes particularly important, especially so in view of the fact that education in both Japan and America occupies a commanding position. It is rather significant that the two great Pacific powers should have become colonizing nations within…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Foreign Policy, Educational History, Indigenous Populations