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Chapman, Paul Davis – 1979
This paper explores the reasons for the rapid adoption of intelligence tests by the public schools, and the historical relationship between testing and ability grouping or tracking. Case studies are presented of three California communities--Oakland, San Jose, and Palo Alto--between 1910 and 1925. These communities have been selected because they…
Descriptors: Ability Grouping, Adoption (Ideas), Educational Change, Educational Philosophy
Peer reviewedRichardson, John G. – Educational Research Quarterly, 1979
An historical and sociological explanation is presented for the occurrence of overrepresentation of racial minorities in special education classes for mentally retarded school children discovered in the California public schools. (Author/MH)
Descriptors: Black Students, Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Historical Reviews
