Eight papers are presented in this document, the first of two volumes of papers commissioned for the Foundations development project. The project was designed to examine curricular modifications for deaf students entering the National Technical Institute for the Deaf and to examine career development (personal, social, and intellectual…

This compilation of brief articles on aspects of training in English as a second language (ESL) at the City University of New York (CUNY) serves also as an introduction to the many facets of ESL instruction. Characteristics of ESL students are described and differentiated. Several typical programs are described. The needs of ESL students outside…

A review of problems inherent in enhancing written guides for teachers is presented, focusing on the impact of different conceptions of educational practice and teaching. The goal of this review is to formulate theoretical perspectives and practical precepts for authors and readers of guides for educational practice and teaching. Conceptions and…

Chapter 3 of a volume on school leadership, this chapter reviews theories of leadership style. After defining leadership style simply as "how the leader leads," the author presents and explains significant ideas about the important components and environmental determinants of leadership style. The author looks at leadership style theories that…

This paper describes an experimental teacher education program organized in terms of the "social process model," a theory of educational interaction that stresses: 1) the ecology of social environments; 2) the rules and roles involved in given social episodes; and 3) the status of social episodes as interpersonal games. Classrooms are…

Studies of learning disabled students' self concept and attributions suggest that the passive learning style may reflect their beliefs that they are not in control of their destinies. The paper reviews strategies to help LD children acquire more adaptive notions about the causes of their successes and failures. (Author/CL)

Notes studies defining important communication skills for a wide range of job categories, but which many courses in business, technical, and science writing are not providing. Suggests changes for the basic business communication course, including modes of writing and rhetorical principles. (HTH)

Describes the efforts of the staff of one urban high school in Mississippi to develop and implement a school improvement program based on a school effectiveness model. (FL)

Suggests that text anxiety is a combination of student skill deficits, emotional reactivity, and negative self-attributions. Proposes the use of multimodal approaches to reduce that anxiety. (FL)

Provides a bibliography of published research papers that either describe the history of the TOEFL, offer a critical review of the test, or interpret TOEFL research findings. Some topics include: the correlation of TOEFL with other standardized tests of English language proficiency, TOEFL's role as a predictor of academic performance, the…

Many children with emotional and behavioural difficulties behave well in a one-to-one situation with an adult. It is when they are in a group with their peers that their behaviour deteriorates dramatically. The more teachers understand about group dynamics, the better equipped they will be to support children who find such skills as turn-taking…

This document is a chapter in "The Principles and Practice of Educational Management," which aims to provide a systematic and analytical introduction to the study of educational management. The structure of the book reflects the main substantive areas of educational leadership and management, and most of the major themes are covered in…

A central theme in this book is that there are many paths to literacy. The materials in this guidebook are intended to encourage those involved in teaching reading and writing to engage in dialogue and reflection with colleagues, to know their students well, to examine their own experiences and beliefs, and to generate and seek answers to their…

When it comes to teaching students how to correct errors in mechanics and usage, English composition teachers have a problem in determining what and how to teach. An approach is developing overseas which comes from a type of linguistics called "functional," because it describes how languages work rather than only its forms. A branch that…

This fastback outlines an approach to foster social responsibility in the classroom while simultaneously handling disruptive behavior simply and easily. The strategy that is considered will aid in establishing and maintaining a non-coercive, trusting environment, the first requirement of a quality classroom. Following the introduction, the…