Learning how to read is not something that comes naturally. Many children need instruction from their teachers that follows the research on the most effective and efficient methods of teaching reading (often referred to as the "science of reading"). The path to literacy is supported by many actors, but states have a role in these four essential pillars: (1) insisting that prep programs build teacher candidate knowledge; (2) recommending to districts the best tools for assessing their students' reading proficiency; (3) evaluating and recommending instructional materials; and (4) giving resources to districts so they can provide external supports for classroom teachers.