The aim of this guide is to stimulate professional reflection, dialogue and debate about learning and how to improve it, at this time of important curriculum change. It draws together themes, features and characteristics of effective improvement through self-evaluation, and descriptions of good practice. It is a reference point for teachers who are working together to improve the impact of their work and plan for the changes which will be necessary as "Curriculum for Excellence" is adopted. Teachers have been making substantial progress in improving learning and teaching by sharing practice with each other and by involving children, young people, parents, adults and communities. Staff are reviewing their classroom practice in the light of the "Curriculum for Excellence" experiences and outcomes in order to identify approaches to learning and teaching which will lead to deeper, more sustained learning. Opening up learning in these ways can lead to more confident, effective teaching and better and broader outcomes for learners. Annexes include: (1) Examples of key reflective questions for headteachers, managers and staff; (2) Examples of reflective questions for staff on exploring learners' views; (3) Examples of reflective questions for staff on exploring parents' views; (4) Examples of reflective questions for staff to use when considering how they learn together; (5) Examples of reflective questions for staff who are evaluating the impact of the curriculum and innovations; (6) Examples of reflective questions for learners and staff, relating to learning visits and longer-term issues in an establishment's or service's improvement plan; and (7) Examples of reflective questions for teachers exploring information and data. (Contains 8 footnotes.)