This booklet can function as a resource for counselors, counselors in training, or anyone else who works with or knows someone who is addicted to drugs. It begins by identifying 13 principles of effective treatment for drug abusers. It then provides answers to 11 frequently asked questions regarding drug addiction treatment. Next it discusses drug addiction treatment in the United States. These general categories of treatment programs are described: agonist maintenance treatment; narcotic antagonist treatment using Naltrexone; outpatient drug-free treatment; long-term residential treatment; short-term residential programs; and medical detoxification. Two methods, prison-based treatment and community-based treatment, are presented for treating drug users and addicts involved in the criminal justice system. Finally, the following scientifically based approaches to drug addiction treatment are discussed: relapse prevention; supportive-expressive psychotherapy; individualized drug counseling; motivational enhancement therapy; behavioral therapy for adolescents; multidimensional family therapy for adolescents; multisystemic therapy; combined behavioral and nicotine dependence addiction; community reinforcement approach plus vouchers; voucher-based reinforcement therapy in Methadone maintenance treatment; day treatment with abstinence contingencies and vouchers; and the matrix model. A resource list provides manuals and clinical reports, research monographs, videos, and federal agencies. (MKA)