This book, a research-based text, describes peer observation and assistance (POA), a method designed to isolate behaviors and skills shown to raise student achievement levels and the process by which teachers can help their peers improve performance in these areas. The volume is organized into 10 chapters: (1) Teachers Helping Teachers: The Foundations of Peer Observation and Assistance; (2) Phases and Variations of POA; (3) Low Inferential Observation Techniques: Seating Charts and Student Time-At-Task Behavior; (4) Low Inferential Observation Techniques: Teacher Expectations; (5) Medium Inferential Observation Techniques: Personal Interest, Cues, Feedback, Advance Organizers, and Cooperative Learning; (6) High Inferential Observation Techniques: Anecdotal Recording, Audio- and Videotapes, Verbatim Transcripts, and Selected Verbatim Notetaking; (7) High Inferential Observation Techniques: Assessing Classroom Morale; (8) Feedback and Postconferences; (9) Action Research; (10) Epilogue. Four appendixes complete the volume: Meta-Analysis; The Upper School Classroom Inventory Desired Form, the Upper School Classroom Inventory Real Form, and Their Scoring; The My Class Inventory Preferred Short Form, the My Class Inventory Actual Short Form, and Their Scoring; and five tables. (LL)