Job sharing is defined as "two people sharing the responsibilities of one full-time position with salary and benefits prorated"; the concept focuses on positions usually offered only as full-time jobs, often in professional and managerial categories. This book presents an overview of current job sharing and permanent part-time employment practices in city, county, state and federal agencies. The first chapter of the book defines job sharing, discusses the background of job sharing in light of the changing needs of workers, and points out potential benefits of job sharing, such as more efficient use of human resources, aid in recruiting employees, and maintaining quality in human services programs. The second chapter overviews considerations affecting successful implementation of job sharing, such as cost factors, union cooperation, lay-off rights for part-timers, establishing quotas, personnel ceilings, reversibility, recruitment, and CETA. The third chapter explains how to design and implement a job-sharing program, while the fourth contains case histories of six job-sharing experiences in government agencies. Appendixes contain a glossary, a summary of the case histories, a list of avallable project studies and reports, a sample flyer, a model survey designed to assess current employee interest in a permanent part-time or job-sharing program; alternative recruitment sources; recommended supplementary reading; and a publications list. (KC)