Together with other publications in this series, this handbook addresses the issue of humanizing education. Specifically, discussion focuses on the role of critical thinking and reasoning in the educational process. Part one outlines reasons, requirements, and methods for teaching critical thinking and reasoning and connects critical thinking with philosophy and creative thinking. Part two, "Improvement of Teachers' Critical Skills," examines the following aspects of argumentation: deductions, assumptions, use of language, fallacies, implications and consequences, and use of evidence. Exercises illustrating these aspects are included. Part three, "Teaching Strategies," details activities and techniques for teaching critical thinking and reasoning; activities are divided according to the categories presented in part two. Appendixes present guidelines and a rationale for using discussion of values as a vehicle for teaching critical thinking, an analysis of critical discussions and the formation of commitments, and a discussion of possible influences on behavioral change. A checklist for exercises and a selected bibliography are included. (KS)