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Gambell, Trevor J.; McFetridge, Patricia A. – Reading Improvement, 1981
Reports on a study that investigated what constitutes metaphor and simile for sixth- and eighth-grade children. Discusses the implications of the findings for reading and language arts curriculum development and instruction. (FL)
Descriptors: Child Language, Cognitive Processes, Comprehension, Curriculum

Nystrand, Martin; Gamoran, Adam – Research in the Teaching of English, 1991
Examines the kinds of instruction that foster student engagement with literature and the effects of such instruction on achievement. Describes the manifestations of procedural and substantive forms of engagements, explains how they relate differently to student outcomes, and offers some empirical propositions using data on literature instruction…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Childrens Literature, Classroom Research, English Instruction

Tatum, Alfred W. – Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 2000
Describes how one teacher researcher helped a class of low-achieving African American eighth graders dramatically increase their reading achievement. Discusses barriers to reading and creating a supportive classroom community. Describes how the author combined explicit skill and strategy development using a framework to address fluency, word…
Descriptors: Black Students, Grade 8, High Risk Students, Instructional Effectiveness