Offers suggestions for informal formative assessment for the mathematics classroom. Describes classroom activities that allow teachers to assess students' mathematical content knowledge, mathematical processes, and mathematical dispositions. Argues that formative assessment is part of good teaching, making instruction more targeted and more…

This paper proposes using nontest indicators, along with academic tests, to assess school effects on youth development. Relationships between indicators and tests are explored and examples presented of nontest indicators of intellectual development, career development, and health and personal safety. Data sources for indicators are…