This digest reviews some significant research on technology use in the classroom that examines how investment in technology will pay off in terms of student learning, and it indicates the conditions under which technology is most likely to have a positive impact on student learning. First presented are two longitudinal studies on how students learn from computers. It then discusses studies examining the effects of learning with computers, when technology is used as a tool rather than a tutor. Whether students learn from computers or with computers, the research cited indicates the following conditions under which computer technology is most likely to have a positive impact on learning.access; integration; broad-based reform; the long term; professional development; teaching style; balance; and vision. (Contains 13 references.) (AEF)