Academic departments across the nation must reinvent new forms of collegiality and become more outward-oriented, more focused on results, and more entrepreneurial. They must develop new systems to reward their members, enhance productivity, and assure the quality of their work. Change strategies in the literature fall into six categories: (1) change the enrollment; (2) change the type of person in the department, (3) address values by building on them, changing them, or resolving conflicts among them; (4) change or build upon the way the department is structured in terms of its organization, its leadership position, its reward systems, its dispersion of power, or its forums for conversation and decision making; (5) affect the decision-making process in which the department is engaged; or (6) create alternative structures such as institutes or offices of first-year studies to take over some of the department's function. Because departments differ, strategies from these various categories must be shaped to the department's own characteristics. A nationwide initiative to assist departments might offer consulting to departments and institutions. The national initiative would disseminate models of best practice, train department leaders, and conduct research on departmental work and departmental change. (PW)