This Digest summarizes the results of a survey administered to the American Educational Research Associations Survey Research Special Interest Group regarding the use of electronic surveys and discusses their responses in the context of the existing literature base. Topics include the conditions under which use of e-mail or Web-based surveys would be most appropriate, sampling issues, weaknesses of the approach, and guidelines for other researcher who plan to use e-mail or the Internet for survey research projects. Overall, respondents (n=63) reported frequent use of, and a high level of confidence in, electronic mail and the Internet. The only area in which they expressed concern was creating and maintaining a Web page. Participants generally responded favorably to statements regarding the use of e-mail and Web-based surveys. Respondents were most positive about the reduction of cost. Less favorable responses focused on concerns about the survey respondents' knowledge of, and experience with, technology. A review of the literature supports the position that Web-based electronic surveys must use principles of sound survey design, and researchers must focus on the adaptability of principles of survey design to electronic survey formats. (Contains 18 references.) (SLD)