This ERIC Digest outlines the methods employed and the results obtained from the 1994 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in U.S. history. NAEP surveys collect information about students' knowledge of core subjects of the school curriculum. This particular survey was administered to a national sample of students in grades 4, 8, and 12. Results of the survey indicate a general lack of competency in the area of U. S. history, especially when compared to other areas sampled in the 1990s by the NAEP. Demographics, institution-type, and teaching style all seemed to play a role in the determining student performance on the survey. The Digest offers recommendations for improving comprehension, recall, and interest in U.S. history. (KCM)