Language learners use different learning strategies, specific actions and behaviors to help them learn, at least partly because their general learning styles, or overall approaches to learning and the environment, are so varied. Learning style encompasses: cognitive style; patterns of attitudes and interests; a tendency to seek situations compatible with one's own learning patterns; and a tendency to use certain learning strategies and avoid others. At least twenty dimensions of learning styles have been identified. Language learning strategies are often-conscious steps or behaviors used to enhance acquisition, storage, retention, recall, and the use of new information. Strategies can be assessed in a variety of ways. Language learning research has suffered from overemphasis on metacognitive and cognitive strategies at the expense of other important considerations. Research has focused on the relationship between learning strategy use and language proficiency, individual differences in the use of learning strategies, and the value of training in the use of language learning strategies. Language learning styles and strategies appear to be among the most important variables influencing second language performance. A 30-item bibliography is included. (MSE)