This work includes a discussion of the concept of self-efficacy, originally introduced by Albert Bandura, as it pertains to the therapist-trainee. Therapist self-efficacy has only recently gained attention theoretically as well as empirically. Measures used to assess the self-efficacy of the therapist are highlighted as well as factors (particularly related to the supervision process) that appear to enhance therapist self-efficacy. Factors discussed include training experience, consistency of supervision, level of training, various supervision models, role plays, as well as types of feedback/evaluation. Also included is an examination of therapist self-efficacy as it pertains to providing multicultural treatment. Implications for training programs are considered as well as suggestions for future research. (Contains 35 references.) (Author)