This document reviews the research on the use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), with medical students and physicians. The MBTI is a paper-and-pencil instrument based on C. G. Jung's theory of personality typology. The introductory section of the review describes the MBTI and explains its dimensions (extroverted versus introverted, sensing versus intuition, thinking versus feeling, and judging versus perceiving). The reliability and validity of the MBTI are discussed, and the extent of use of the MBTI is considered. Misunderstandings about the MBTI are explained and clarified. The main body of the review looks at applications of the MBTI in medicine. Studies reviewed are categorized according to the theme of statistically significant (p<.05) findings. Themes addressed in the review underscore the relationship of the MBTI to: (1) medicine as a career and specialty; (2) educational and career guidance; (3) physician well-being and satisfaction; and (4) physician ordering of laboratory tests. Significant findings are critiqued in relation to the researchers' methodological approaches, and the review suggests that the methodology of many investigations could have been strengthened. One criticism made in the review is that many researchers have approached the MBTI dimensionally, rather than through analyses of the MBTI types. Directions for further research are suggested. (Author/NB)